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PROPELLANT STORAGE AND TRANSFER
Propellant facilities at Launch Complex 39 include a LOX system, the RP-1 system, the liquid hydrogen system, the propellant tanking computer system, the spacecraft support system, and the data transmission system.
The propellant tanking computer system provides a means of monitoring amounts during the fueling operations. It also accurately controls fuel level during the final phase of tank fill and replenish.
The data transmission system provides an accurate method for the transmission of propellant and environmental control system electrical signals from the launch site to the LCC.
The liquid oxygen system provides oxidizer fill and drain for the three stages of the Saturn V. The system includes a storage tank, a vaporizer, two replenishing pumps, transfer lines, vent lines and drain basin, and electric circuitry for monitoring and actuating the pneumatic control system.
The round liquid oxygen storage tank holds 900,000 gallons and is situated 1,450 feet from the launch site. It has a stainless steel inner wall 62 feet 9 inches in diameter. The space between this inner sphere and the outer wall is filled with gaseous nitrogen and perlite for insulation.
To load liquid oxygen, a command originates in the LCC at the LOX control panel. The signal is transmitted to the mobile launcher by the data transmission system and then to the LOX storage area.
The electrical signals are converted to pneumatic pressure to operate the vaives, and the flow of LOX from the storage tank into the vaporizer begins. The vaporizer converts the liquid oxygen into gaseous oxygen, which then is fed back into the tank to pressurize it to the 10 psig needed to begin the flow. The pumps are started and the LOX is pumped through the transfer lines to the vehicle.
The RP-1 system provides fuel fill, drain, and filtering capabilities for the first stage. The system includes three storage tanks each with a capacity of 86,000 gallons, transfer lines, a launch site facility, and electric circuitry.
The liquid hydrogen system provides fueling and draining for the second and third stages. It includes a storage tank with a capacity of 850,000 gallons, a vaporizer, transfer lines, and a burn pond in which excess propellant is burned.
The double walled storage tank, 1,450 feet from the launch site, has a stainless steel inner wall with a diameter of 61 feet 6 inches. The space between the inner and outer walls is filled with perlite.
