Spinning

Qualitatively, recovery from the various spin modes is dependent on the type of spins exhibited, the mass distribution of the aircraft, and the sequence of controls applied. Recovering from the steep steady spin tends to be relatively easy because the nose-down orientation of the air­craft control surfaces to the free stream enables at least a portion of the control effectiveness to be retained. In contrast, during a flat spin, the fuselage may be almost horizontal, and the control surfaces are ori­ented so as to provide little recovery moment, especially a rudder on a conventional vertical tail. In addition to the ineffectiveness of controls for recovery from the flat spin, the rotation of the aircraft about a near­vertical axis near its center of gravity results in extremely high centrifu­gal forces at the cockpit for configurations with long fuselages. In many cases, the negative ("eyeballs out”) g-loads may be so high as to incapaci­tate the crewmembers and prevent them from escaping from the aircraft.