Launch sites
Manned space flights have thus far been launched from Pad 1 – “The Gagarin Pad” – at Site 5 or Pad 31 at Site 6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan (Russian launches); Pads 5, 14, 19 and 34 at Cape Canaveral and Pads A and B of Launch Complex 39 at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida (American launches); and most recently at Jiuquan in China (Chinese launches).
The USAF test pilot base at Edwards Air Force Base (AFB) in California was the home of the X-15 rocket plane, which made “astroflights”, while Mojave Airport,
One of several pad facilities at Cape Canaveral |
Pad 1 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan |
California was the home base for the Spaceship One “space tourism” test flights. Mojave may also be the home base for the Virgin Galactic Spaceship Two tourist vehicle. Vandenberg AFB, California was proposed as the Space Shuttle’s west coast base for military (polar orbit) missions, but the first mission was cancelled after the Challenger accident in 1986 and the Shuttle never flew from Vandenberg.